Electrical and magnetic stimulation for the treatment of patients with cardiac and neurological conditions

Abstract

Electrical stimulation and electrophysiological signal analysis have proven to be key tools in biomedical research and the development of therapeutic devices. Various studies have explored their application in the modulation of nervous system activity, the treatment of pathologies such as migraines and arrhythmias, and the identification of neuronal biomarkers through EEG. In this context, non-invasive electrical stimulation devices have been developed with the ability to vary key parameters such as frequency, current, and pulse width, allowing personalized adaptation for the research and treatment of conditions related to the vagus nerve. A system has been designed to correct arrhythmias by means of bioelectromagnetic stimulation of the sinus node and cervical sympathetic ganglia, demonstrating a promising response in heart rhythm regulation. Likewise, studies have been conducted on the relationship between brain activity and migraines through the analysis of EEG signals. Interactive games have been designed to induce states of concentration and activate specific brain regions, providing a possible electrophysiological biomarker of migraines. In addition, a neuromodulation device has been developed for the simultaneous stimulation of the vagus and trigeminal nerves, evaluating its effect on pain reduction and cognitive activity by recording EEG signals from the prefrontal lobe. These advances reflect the potential of biomedical technology in the exploration of the nervous system and the development of alternative therapies for various pathologies, offering new perspectives in the research and treatment of neurological and cardiovascular diseases.